We study complex PT-symmetric potentials, with real eigenvalues, corresponding to a complex coordinate shift $(x + i \frac {c}{2})$ of a real even potential. In this case, the rules to achieve a coherent quantum mechanics are known. They allow the calculation of observables, which are found to be independent on $c$. This result is illustrated by few analytical or semi analytical examples. On the other hand, trying to test this property numerically faces problems linked to the difficulty of finding the proper solutions of the Schr\"odinger equation. In particular, the large distance behaviour of the wave functions generates instabilities. As an example, we have studied the $(x + i \frac {c}{2})^4$ potential.

Noncommutativity can be used to naturally discretize the space on which a field theory is defined. This is of particular interest for fermions, given that the (in)famous doubling problem of usual lattice field theory does not appear anymore. The resulting discrete equations of motion are solved including their generic nonlocal sector, which is precisely interpreted. No classical divergences appear. The continuum limit is taken explicitely and confirms the interpretation of the discrete field configurations. Although the present work reviews mainly the context of planar physics, the methodology can be adapted to higher dimensional or non-flat set-ups.

In this paper, a detailed comparison among the exhibited nature of entanglement of the cavity radiation of the non-degenerate three-level cascade laser with a coherently driven parametric amplifier and coupled to a two-mode thermal reservoir by applying different inseparability criteria is presented. Although the achievable degree of entanglement is generally found to vary with the applied inseparability criteria, there are cases for which more than three of the applied criteria lead to a significant degree of entanglement for certain parameters. In particular, Duan-Giedke-Cirac-Zoller (DGCZ) criterion, logarithmic negativity, Hillery-Zubairy, and Cauchy-Schwartz inequality inseparability criteria predict a similar pattern of entanglement except when the atoms are initially prepared in a maximum atomic coherent superposition. The presence of the parametric oscillator leads to an increase in the degree of squeezing and entanglement. Moreover, the degree of entanglement for the cavity radiation is significantly enhanced with the linear gain coefficient.

In this work, we study new Painlevé-integrable (2+1)- and (3+1)dimensional Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) and modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equations. We use the Painlevé analysis to confirm the integrability of both KdV and mKdV equations. We show the auxiliary function for each new equation possesses distinct structures compared to standard KdV and standard mKdV equations. We derive multiple-soliton solutions for each developed equation.

We describe the new peculiarities of the surface electromagnetic wave propagation along a dielectric slab sandwiched by a nonlinear medium characterized by dielectric permittivity depending on electric field amplitude in a stepwise form. The wave propagation leads to a symmetric optical domain formation along the dielectric slab. The optical domain can form at slab thicknesses not exceeding the critical value. The dielectric constant inside the domain at wave amplitude greater than the threshold field value becomes different from the dielectric constant of the entire nonlinear medium.

This paper reports the results for a radiation protection assessment done at the 9 MV Tandem Accelerator of Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering for commissioning of a fast neutron source based on the ⁷Li(p,n)⁷Be inverse reaction. The assessment is based on the results obtained via numerical simulation with the use of FLUKA Monte Carlo simulation code. We have calculated the secondary radiation fields generated in different areas of the Tandem building during the acceleration process and the residual activity induced after a certain operation time.

Fission channels barriers are calculated within the binary macroscopic-microscopic method. A specialized single particle two-center shell model has been developed to achieve the proton and neutron level schemes evolution during the fission process. The microscopic part of the deformation energy is obtained by the smoothing procedure of Strutinsky method. The macroscopic part is calculated with the Yukawa-plus-exponential model for a charged liquid drop. The fission barrier is obtained by adding the two quantities. A minimization within the deformation space of the two semi-axis ratios for the emerging fragments provides the final deformation energy considered as the fission barrier. The results are applied to the decay of ²³⁶Pu. A proton gap in the level scheme provides a minimum in shell correction which accommodates a possible shape isomer.

Utilizing the magnetic symmetry based dual QCD model of non-Abelian gauge theory, the qualitative feature of the strongly interacting QGP have been understood within the framework of dual QCD hadronic bag. The study of the non-equilibrium and dissipative effects observed during the phase transition have been studied by investigating the temperature behavior of transport coefficients along with the relaxation times for quarks and gluons. These transport parameters provide proper understanding about the non-equilibrium dynamics of the system. The behavior of shear and bulk viscosity confirms the non-monotonic and non-conformal behavior of QGP near the critical temperature. The high temperature behavior of QGP appears to be conformal and behaves like an ideal relativistic gas.

The hard/soft SmCo₅+20wt% α-Fe exchange coupled nanocomposite powders are obtained by mechanical milling of SmCo5 and α-Fe powders. The compact densities range between 35% and 70% of the theoretical value. The sintered compacts show the same coercivity as the nanocomposite powders, 0.8 T, while the remanence and energy product were diminished. The plasma sintered nanocomposite SPS compacts are found to contain two hard magnetic phases: SmCo₅ and Sm₂(Co_0.8Fe_0.2)₁₇, the latter being detrimental to the coercivity of the hard/soft nanocomposite.

The surface plasmon-polaritons are identified on a straight, long, circular wire (either metallic or dielectric). They are radial magnetic-type dispersive modes, excited by uni-polar currents, except for the symmetric mode, which is non-dispersive. This latter mode may guide an electromagnetic wave along the surface, dispersionless and with the speed of light in vacuum. A similar situation occurs for other finite-size bodies, like a half-space, a sphere, etc. It is emphasized that the surface plasmon-polaritons are superficial, discontinuous electromagnetic modes.

The interaction between rutin and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied using UV-Vis, FT-IR spectroscopy, and fluorimetry under physiological conditions. UV-Vis and FT-IR spectra put in evidence the effective interaction between rutin and BSA that provoked structural changes in BSA. The BSA fluorescence quenching induced by rutin, put in evidence a static quenching mechanism. The values of binding constants at 25°C and 35°C revealed a moderate binding. The thermodynamic parameters indicate that the interaction is mainly driven by electrostatic and also by van der Waals and hydrogen bonds. The effects of cations: Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Fe²⁺, and Cu²⁺ on BSA denaturation by urea were investigated. It was found that rutin stabilizes the structure of BSA, even in the presence of urea. Also, it was noticed that the divalent cations, Fe²⁺ and Cu²⁺, have a more stabilizing effect on the structure of complex, rutin – BSA, in comparison with Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺.

The activity concentrations of soil samples collected from different locations of Lithuania were determined by using HPGe detector based on high-resolution gamma spectrometry system. The following three unique areas in Lithuania have been chosen for the research. Vilnius city is the capital of Lithuania and this is the city with the largest population in the country which is dominated by an anthropogenic environment. Juodkrantė is a recreation area located near the Baltic Sea and Curonian Spit which is included on the UNESCO World Heritage List and has a natural environment and minimal urbanization. Visaginas is special for the nuclear power plant (which is currently being decommissioned). It is the only nuclear power plant in the Baltic States built close to the border with Belarus on the shore of Drūkšiai Lake.
The activity concentrations of naturally occurring radionuclides ⁴⁰K, ²²⁶Ra, and ²³²Th have been measured in different brands of the soil samples taken from Vilnius and Juodkrantė districts and in the technogenic soil samples from the territory of Visaginas Nuclear Power Plant. Among all identified natural radionuclides, the highest level was that of ⁴⁰K, i.e. the mean value was 414 ± 71 Bq kg⁻¹, while the minimum level was that of ²³²Th, i.e. the mean value was 4.8 ± 0.8 Bq kg⁻¹. The mean value of ²²⁶Ra activity concentration was 13.9 ± 2.0 Bq kg⁻¹. Having measured the activity concentrations of naturally occurring radionuclides ²³²Th, ²²⁶Ra, and ⁴⁰K, the possible impact of natural radiation on a human has been assessed by calculating the absorbed dose rate (nGy h⁻¹). The average values of calculated absorbed dose rates in the samples were found 27.71 nGy h⁻¹ in Vilnius, 23.25 nGy h⁻¹ in Juodkrantė, and 28.65 nGy h⁻¹ in Visaginas. In the paper, the annual effective dose (mSv) was also calculated: the minimum annual effective dose was found in Vilnius (0.034 mSv) and the maximum in Visaginas (0.035 mSv).

The aim of this work is to highlight the undisputable needs and the suitability of computational physics in ionizing radiation metrology. In this matter, a new young research group has been developed within the Department of Radioisotopes and Radiation Metrology (DRMR) from Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Romania. The above-mentioned research group named “MetroMC” (Monte Carlo in Metrology) is marking the start point of its research activity, in this actual form, through this paper. For this purpose, a simple theoretical experiment has been performed in order to compare the results obtained by approaching the same problem by various Monte Carlo codes that are currently being used by the group members (MCNP, GEANT4, and EGSnrs).

The purpose of this study is to identify and to map the fundamental frequency of resonance for the Transylvanian Basin using the computation of H/V spectral ratios from 20 three-component single station measurements of ambient vibrations. This spectral curve exhibits multiple peaks suggesting lateral variations within the subsoil of this area. The fundamental frequency of resonance along Transylvanian Basin varies from very low values (0.07 Hz) up to 11.2 Hz. For some stations, higher mode peaks are detected in the frequency domain of 0.35–4.9 Hz.

The performance and potential of single-mode optical fibers for radiation monitoring/dosimetry applications were evaluated. The results indicated a dependence of the radiation induced attenuation with dose for both of optical fibers investigated. The temperature did not change attenuation during the irradiation and after irradiation process. The highest radiation sensitivity was observed at 1550 nm. Due to high dose dependence and good reproducibility, the Ge-doped optical fibers are identified as suitable for developing a new radiation dosimeter with a possible use in radiation monitoring applications.

In the case of almost all the applications of nuclear physics that make use of ionizing radiation, one of the most important parts is the associated absorbed dose, either we are talking about its direct involvement in the application itself or about the associated radiation protection measures. Due to the fact that the practical applications of ionizing radiation are expanding more and more, the dose measuring techniques are continuously evolving and are becoming more precise and more focused on specific applications, in order to better fit to the purpose. In this paper, an overview on the dose measuring techniques based on the Radiation Induced Absorption (RIA) effect is presented. These techniques are included in the bigger class of Solid State Dosimetry (SSD), and, even that they have many strong points and also drawbacks, there are the only ones that are being recommended to be used in some specific situations.